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Machine Language |
Assembly Language |
High-Level Language |
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Machine language is a First Generation language. |
Assembly
language is a Second Generation language. |
High-Level
language is a Third Generation language. |
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Data and instruction are represented using binary digits (0’s
and 1’s). |
Data
and instruction are represented using mnemonics and operands. |
In
High-Level programming language, a program is made up of language specific syntactic
elements. |
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It is very difficult for human beings to understand machine
language. |
It is
easy for human being to understand assembly language as compare to machine
language. |
It is
easy to read and understand high level language. |
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Directly understood by the computer. No need of translator. |
Requires
Assembler to convert Assembly language to Machine language. |
Requires
Compiler or Interpreter to convert High-level language to Machine Language. |
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It has zero abstraction level from the hardware |
It has
less abstraction level from the hardware |
It has
higher abstraction level from the hardware |
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Machine language is hardware or machine dependent. |
Assembly
language is hardware or machine dependent i.e., Not portable. |
High
level language is machine independent i.e., portable. |
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Machine languages are prone to errors and very difficult to
find and rectify it. |
Assembly
languages are less prone to errors compared to machine language. |
We can
easily detect and rectify errors in high level programs. |
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Machine code executes faster and takes very less time for
execution |
Assembly
code executes slower compared to machine language |
Program
written in high level language executes slower compared to machine languages. |
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Example: The value 50 is represented as 00110010 in
computer system |
Example:
The mnemonics ADD, SUB, MUL, DIV, INC, DEC along with operand are used to
perform arithmetic operations. |
Examples
of high-level languages are C, C++, JAVA, FORTAN, COBOL, etc. |
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